The risk is greater in people receiving nitrofurantoin for longer than six months. If these develop, nitrofurantoin should be discontinued. Nitrofurantoin has been associated with potentially fatal lung conditions such as interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis.Other side effects, such as abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, skin reactions, or cardiovascular effects are uncommon or relatively rare. Nausea or vomiting, changes in facial skin color, dark-colored urine, flatulence, headache, and weight loss.If you are between the ages of 18 and 60, take no other medication or have no other medical conditions, side effects you are more likely to experience include: However, some bacteria are not susceptible to nitrofurantoin and care should still be taken not to encourage the development of resistant bacteria. Unlike many other antibiotics, resistance to nitrofurantoin has never been a significant problem experts believe its broad spectrum of action offers a protective effect against resistance development. Because nitrofurantoin concentrates in urine, side effects are generally less than with other agents typically used to treat urinary tract infections.Nitrofurantoin is effective for treating certain gram-negative and gram-positive urinary tract infections, such as those due to Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and susceptible strains of Klebsiella and Enterobacter.May be given at a lower dosage to reduce the recurrence of urinary tract infections caused by susceptible bacteria.May be used as a treatment for acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus.Nitrofurantoin belongs to the class of medicines known as nitrofuran antibacterials.Nitrofurantoin is bactericidal (this means it kills bacteria). Once in contact with bacteria, nitrofurantoin is broken down into its active components which inhibit several vital bacterial biochemical processes, such as protein and cell wall synthesis, DNA and RNA synthesis, and aerobic energy metabolism. Nitrofurantoin works well to treat infections in urine caused by susceptible bacteria because it has a large crystal structure (called a macrocrystal) which restricts its absorption through the gastrointestinal tract allowing nitrofurantoin to concentrate in urine.Nitrofurantoin is an antibacterial agent that may be used to treat urinary tract infections.Medically reviewed by Carmen Fookes, BPharm.
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